Water properties.

A water molecule is held together by strong, polar covalent bonds between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

The partially charged regions of a polar water molecule are attracted to oppositely charged parts of neighboring molecules.

Each molecule can form weak hydrogen bonds to multiple partners, conferring water unique properties.


  • Cohesion and surface tension.
  • High specific heat.
  • Expansion upon freezing.
  • Versatile solvent for hydrophilic substances.

    Review: