Bryophyte life cycle.

  • Spores develop into haploid protonemata.
  • Protonemata produce "buds" that undergo mitosis.
  • Buds develop into gametophyte bearing antheridia or archegonia.
  • Sperm swims to egg in archegonium.
  • Fertilized diploid zygote develops into sporophyte embryo.
  • Sporophyte emerges from the archegonium.
  • The small sporophyte is dependent on the large gametophyte.
  • Spores develop by meiosis in sporangium.

    Review and exercise: